2D Electrical Resistivity Survey and Heavy Metal Investigations of Soils and Water at Waste Dumpsites in Gombe Metropolis, North-Eastern Nigeria
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2D electrical resistivity survey and heavy metal investigations were carried out to delineate soils, surface, and groundwater contaminated with leachate at three waste dumpsites in Gombe metropolis. Wenner-Schlumberger configuration was adopted in the 2D resistivity survey and two profiles were occupied at each of the three waste dumpsites. Twelve soil samples collected at depth of 30 cm along six profiles and one control soil sample were subjected to X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. Two water samples collected from nearby streams to Gombe Mega Park waste dumpsite and two water samples collected from two hand-dug wells at Yelenguruza waste dumpsite were subjected to Atomic Absorption Spectrometric (AAS) analysis. All 2D resistivity models showed resistivity varying from 0.16 Ωm to 11,434.5 Ωm and represents either uncontaminated or contaminated subsurface material to a maximum depth of about 6.37 m. Regions with resistivity values < 20 Ωm suggest regions contaminated with leachate. The models also showed regions contaminated with leachate beneath the waste pile and in the subsurface beneath the resistivity profiles, indicating that leachate migration was not limited to the area of dumping but infiltrated into the subsurface beneath the waste dumpsites. The values of Rb, Zr, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb, Sr, Ni and As in the soil samples were higher than their values in control soil sample and could be attributed to the availability of metal containing industrial and domestic wastes at the dumpsites which have eventually leached into the underlying soils suggesting anthropogenic sources. The Zr values of 66.7% of the dumpsites soils exceeded its the background value of 267.00 mg/kg, Zn value (354 mg/kg) of Ashaka road dumpsite (FCWDPL2-D) exceeded its background value of 70 mg/kg, Pb value (30 mg/kg) of Ashaka road dumpsite (FCWDPL1-B) exceeded its background value of 27 mg/kg and Cu values of 84 mg/kg of Bajoga dumpsite (MGPWDPL2-C) and 44mg/kg of Ashaka road dumpsite (FCWDPL1-BA) exceeded its background reference value of 38.90 mg/kg respectively. The values of Zr, Zn, Pb and Cu in these soil samples are indicative of and/or anthropogenic sources. leaching and dissolution in the area suggesting contributions from geogenic The concentrations of heavy metals in well and stream water samples when compared with permissible limits from WHO and NSDWQ revealed that the water samples were not contaminated with metals such as Mn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb but Mg concentration in all the water samples exceeded the permissible limit of NSDWQ.
Publication Info:
Author: Kwarki, S. , Akanbi, E.S. and Odewumi, S.C.
Volume: 57
Issue: March
Published By: Journal of Mining and Geology, 2024-03-01